HMO Versus PPO: Plan Comparison

Here are the comparison points in more detail.

Plan Networks

A defining feature of HMO and PPO plans is that they both have networks. Networks are one way to lower health care costs – network providers agree to give discounts in exchange for access to a health plan’s members. This saves health insurers money, but it also saves health plan members money as well – savings for the insurer can translate to lower premiums, deductibles and copays. In general, PPO networks tend to be broader, including more doctors and hospitals than HMO plans, giving you more choice. However, networks will differ from insurer to insurer, and plan to plan, so it’s best to research each plan’s network before you decide.

Primary Care Physicians

Most HMOs will require you to select a primary care physician, who will be the primary point of contact for your medical care. Your PCP will determine what treatments you need, and will refer you to specialists if he or she determines specialized care is medically necessary. Costs for specialists will not be covered without a PCP referral. In contrast, PPOs tend not to require selection of a PCP, and you can usually see a specialist without a referral, and still have these costs covered.

Coverage for Out-of-Network Care

For both PPO and HMO plans, your costs for care will be lowest if you receive it from in-network providers. The two types of plans differ considerably in coverage for services from providers outside the plan network. For HMOs, out-of-network services are usually not covered at all, except for emergencies. PPOs differ from HMOs in that PPO plans will usually provide some coverage for these types of services, but coverage for in-network providers will be much better.

Costs

The additional coverage and flexibility you get from a PPO means that PPO plans will generally cost more than HMO plans. When we think about health plan costs, we usually think about monthly premiums – HMO premiums will typically be lower than PPO premiums. Another cost to consider is a deductible. This is the amount of health care costs you must pay before your plan begins to cover your costs. Not all HMOs have deductibles, but when they do, they tend to be lower than PPO deductibles.

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